Respiratory Muscle Training in Patients Recovering Recent Open Cardiothoracic Surgery: A Randomized-Controlled Trial

Table 1

General characteristics of patients enrolled.

Variables	Active group; (𝑛=30)	Control group; (𝑛=30)	𝑃
Age, years	66.8 ± 7.3	67.0 ± 9.8	0.941
Sex, M/F	24/6	20/10	0.243
BMI, kg⋅m^2	25.4 ± 3.3	25.7 ± 4.1	0.727
COPD	2 (6)	4 (13)	0.389
LTOT	2 (6)	3 (10)	0.640
FiO2^†, %	28.0 ± 5.6	32.0 ± 4.0	0.413
Drop-out	2 (6)	2 (6)	1
Cardiothoracic surgical intervention			0.622
CABG	10 (33)	7 (23)
Aortic valve replacement	8 (26)	11 (36)
Mitral valve repair	4 (13)	5 (16)
Mitral valve replacement	2 (6)	3 (10)
Pulmonary lobectomy	4 (13)	3 (10)
Pulmonary resection	2 (6)	0 (0)
Pneumonectomy	0 (0)	1 (3)

Variables described as mean ± SD or as frequency (%).
^†Defined in LTOT patients only.
BMI: body mass index; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; LTOT: long-term oxygen therapy; FiO₂: inspiratory fraction of oxygen; CABG: coronary artery bypass graft.