A Biomechanical Research of Growth Control of Spine by Shape Memory Alloy Staples

Table 4

Stiffness tests of postoperative single staple state and statistical comparison of the postoperative single state staple with single staple, double staple, and normal states.

Movement	Mean values of stiffness; (Nm/deg)	𝑃 value*
Right rotation	/	(S2&N) >0.05; (S2&D) >0.05; (S2&S) >0.05
Left rotation	/	(S2&N) >0.05; (S2&D) >0.05; (S2&S) >0.05
Right bending	3.27±0.37	(S2&N) <0.05; (S2&D) <0.05; (S2&S) <0.05
Left bending	2.51±0.43	(S2&N) >0.05; (S2&D) <0.05; (S2&S) <0.05
Flextion	2.58±0.24	(S2&N) >0.05; (S2&D) <0.05; (S2&S) <0.05
Extention	1.87±0.07	(S2&N) >0.05; (S2&D) <0.05; (S2&S) <0.05

 *S2 stands for postoperative staple state, S stands for single staple state, D stands for double staple state, and N stands for normal state.