A Combination of Radiosurgery and Soluble Tissue Factor Enhances Vascular Targeting for Experimental Glioblastoma
Figure 4
A combination of radiosurgery and soluble tissue factor induces thrombosis. (a) GBM capillaries completely occluded by thrombi. There is loss of cellularity and hyaline transformation of the wall matrix (arrowhead) (H&E staining). L, obliterated lumen. (b) Thrombosis rates in small (<50 μm in diameter) and medium (50–200 μm) vessels 17 days after treatment. PBS, phosphate buffered saline; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; TF, soluble tissue factor; TF + LPS, coadministration of soluble tissue factor and lipopolysaccharide. Data were obtained from vessels stained using Martius Scarlet blue and expressed as means ± SE of 10 mice per group. paired comparison in small vessels or medium vessels between treatment groups.
