BioMed Research International / 2013 / Article / Tab 2 / Research Article
Origin and Status of Homologous Proteins of Biomineralization (Biosilicification) in the Taxonomy of Phylogenetic Domains Table 2 Taxonomy homologues proteins of biomineralization.
Taxonomy of viruses and organisms Age (billions of years) POB 1 2 3 4 Mimiviridae, Herpesviridae, Baculoviridae and so forth (vira**) Fossils are not found [19 ] + + Bacilli, Gammaproteobacteria and so forth (bacteria) 3.8–3.5* [19 ] + Dictyosteliomycota — + + + Lobosea 0.75 [20 ] + Heterolobosea — + Kinetoplastida 0.099–0.093 [21 ] + Conoidasida — + Aconoidasida — + Oligohymenophorea — + Demospongiae 0.542–0.516 [21 ] + + Tricoplacia — + + + Hydrozoa 0.635–0.542 [21 ] + + Anthozoa 0.635–0.542 [21 ] + Holothuroidea 0.513–0.505 [21 ] + Chromadorea — + + + + Bdelloidea — + Branchiopoda 0.520–0.516 [21 ] + + + Monogenea — + Polychaeta 0.520–0.516 [21 ] + Gastropoda, Bivalvia 0.542–0.252 [21 ] + + Arachnida 0.418–0.416 [21 ] + Insecta 0.412–0.391 [21 ] + + + Malacostraca 0.530–0.513 [21 ] + Maxillopoda 0.268–0.265 [21 ] + + Appendicularia — + + + Leptocardii 0.541–0.485 [21 ] + Actinopterygii 0.478–0.468 [21 ] + + + Amphibia 0.488–0.443 [21 ] + + + Aves 0.252–0.201 [21 ] + + + Mammalia 0.235–0.221 [21 ] + + + + Homo sapiens*** 0.005 [21 ] + + + Eurotiomycetes, Homobasidiomycetes and so forth (fungi) 0.048–0.46 [21 ] + + Phaeophyceae, Mamiellophyceae and so forth 0.485–0.150 [21 ] + + Liliopsida 0.122–0.112 [21 ] + + Magnoliopsida
0.388–0.383 [21 ] +
Note: 1: silaffins; 2: silacidins; 3: silicateins; 4: silicase; +: homologue present; **(classification ICTV); ***(human is presented as a species as an exception). *3.5 authentic finding in siliceous rocks, 3.8 problematic.