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| Details of Study | Study | | Results | References |
|
| Vitamins C and E |
| Vitamin C (1000 mg/12 h infusion) followed by 1200 mg/24 h orally and vitamin E (600 mg/24 h). | Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. | 800 | Improvement in mortality and clinical outcomes. |
Jaxa-Chamiec et al. (MIVIT trial) [17] |
| A retrospective analysis of the influence of vitamins C and E on 30-day cardiac mortality in patients with or without DM. | Retrospective study from MIVIT trial. | 800 [122 (15%) DM] | Reduction in cardiac mortality in DM patients treated. No significant differences in nondiabetic patients. | Jaxa-Chamiec et al. [18] |
| Vitamins C and E (600 mg/24 h each) orally on the first day of AMI and lasting for 14 days. | Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | 37 | Baseline QTd was similar in both groups. Significant decrease in exercise-induced QTd in treated group. | Bednarz et al. [19] |
| Vitamin A (50,000 IU/24 h), vitamin C (1,000 mg/24 h), vitamin E (400 mg/24 h), and beta-carotene (25 mg/24 h) | Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | 125 | Reduction in mean infarct size assessed by cardiac enzymes. Improved clinical outcomes. | Singh et al. (the Indian experiment of infarct survival-3) [20] |
| Vitamins C and E, each 600 mg/24 h orally for 14 days. | Randomized trial. | 61 | Less ECG alterations in treated patients. | Chamiec et al. [21] |
|
| Other Antioxidants |
| Oral treatment with coenzyme Q10 (120 mg/24 h) for 28 days, administered within 3 days of the onset of symptoms. | Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | 144 | Angina pectoris, total arrhythmias, and poor left ventricular function were significantly reduced. | Singh et al. [22] |
| Oral L-carnitine (2 g/24 h) for 28 days. | Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | 101 | Significant reduction in mean infarct size assessed by cardiac enzymes. | Singh et al. [23] |
| High-dose N-acetylcysteine (2 × 1,200 mg/24 h) for 48 h, plus optimal hydration. | Randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | 251 | No differences in any of the end point with N-acetylcysteine or placebo. | Thiele et al. [24] |
| 30 mg edaravone intravenously before reperfusion. | Randomized, placebo-controlled trial. | 101 | Significant reduction in reperfusion arrhythmia and mean infarct size assessed by cardiac enzymes. | Tsujita et al. [25] |
| Intravenous bolus of superoxide-dismutase (10 mg/kg of body weight) followed by a 60 min infusion of 0.2 mg/kg/min before PCI. | Randomized, placebo-controlled trial. | 120 | No significant differences. | Flaherty et al. [26] |
| Allopurinol (400 mg) administered orally just after the admission (approximately 60 min before reperfusion). | Randomized trial. | 38 | Slow flow in the recanalized coronary artery after PTCA occurred less frequently. | Guan et al. [27] |
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