The Anti-Arthritic and Immune-Modulatory Effects of NHAG: A Novel Glucosamine Analogue in Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis

Figure 2

Onset of clinical signs of arthritis in the arthritic control group. Each value represents the mean arthritic score ± SEM (𝑛=12/group). The arthritic score in arthritic control group was significantly higher compared to normal control animals (*𝑃<0.001) on day 8 onward. The indomethacin (^δ𝑃<0.001) and NHAG (^‡𝑃<0.02) treated groups exhibited a significant decrease in arthritic score on day 12 onward compared to arthritic control and continued till end of experiment (***𝑃<0.001 and **𝑃<0.003), respectively. The difference between NHAG and drug control groups was not significant. Although NHAG treatment was unable to bring the score near to the normal control groups, however, when compared to arthritic control group, the reduction was 60% (**𝑃<0.003).