Association of Atherosclerotic Peripheral Arterial Disease with Adiponectin Genes SNP+45 and SNP+276: A Case-Control Study

Table 1

Anthropometric and biochemical characteristics by groups.

Variable	PAD group; (𝑛=226)	Non-PAD group; (𝑛=120)	Comparison between groups; P-value
Gender: male^*,a	82 [77,87]	80 [72,87]	0.603
Smokers^*,a	62 [56,68]	43 [33,52]	<0.001
DM^*,a	33 [27,39]	32 [23,41]	0.840
Obesity^*,a	20 [15,26]	22 [15,30]	0.665
AHT^*,a	61 [54,67]	48 [39,57]	0.024
Antihypertensive agents^a	53 [46,60]	42 [33,51]	0.049
CAD^*,a	53 [46,60]	37 [28,46]	0.005
Age (years)^**,b	63 (56; 74)	62 (57; 71)	0.626
BMI (kg/m^2)^**,b	25.82 (23.12; 29.07)	25.73 (22.71; 29.34)	0.896
Cholesterol (mg/dL)^**,b	194 (167; 230)	191 (157; 223)	0.139
TG (mg/dL)^**,b	113 (89; 140)	104 (80; 139)	0.028
HDL (mg/dL)^**,b	49 (42; 56)	48 (41; 55)	0.356
Statins^a	75 [69,81]	72 [63,79]	0.549
Glycemia (mg/dL)^**,b	96 (86; 126)	96 (86; 108)	0.207
Diabetes duration^a
≤5 years	7 [4,11]	8 [3,13]	0.739
5–10 years	13 [9,18]	13 [8,21]	>0.999
>10 years	12 [8,17]	9 [4,16]	0.376
Diabetes treatment^a
Oral hypoglycemic agent***	8 [4,12]	10 [5,17]	0.542
Insulin therapy	17 [12,22]	17 [10,24]	>0.999
Oral and Insulin therapy	7 [4,11]	4 [2,9]	0.224
Creatinine (mg/dL)^**,b	0.90 (0.70; 1.00)	0.90 (0.70; 1.00)	0.094
Fibrinogen (mg/dL)^**,b	306 (249; 367)	343 (310; 387)	<0.001^c
CRP (mg/dL)^**,b	0.70 (0.50; 0.90)	0.90 (0.60; 1.00)	0.816

∗% [95% CI]; **median (Q1; Q3), where Q1 = 25th percentile; Q3 = 75th percentile; ***biguanides or sulfonylurea; ^aP value associated with 𝑍-test; ^bP-value associated with Mann-Whitney test; ^cnormal limits for both groups; DM: diabetes mellitus; AHT: arterial hypertension; CAD: coronary artery disease; BMI: body mass index; TG: triglycerides; HDL: high density lipoprotein; CRP: C-reactive protein.