Improved Succinate Production by Metabolic Engineering

Table 2

Comparison of maximum theoretical yield of each pathway in E. coli.

Means of culture	Means of glucose intake	Succinate production pathway	Maximum theoretical yield; (mol mol^−1)
	PTS	The reductive branch of the TCA cycle	1
Anaerobic culture	Glucokinase	The reductive branch of the TCA cycle	1.33
	PTS	The reductive branch of the TCA cycle and activated glyoxylate pathway	1.2
	Glucokinase	The reductive branch of the TCA cycle and activated glyoxylate pathway	1.71
	PTS	The oxidative TCA cycle with inactivation of sdhA gene	1
Aerobic culture	Glucokinase	The oxidative TCA cycle with inactivation of sdhA gene and activated glyoxylate pathway	1
	PTS	The oxidative TCA cycle with inactivation of sdhA gene	1
	Glucokinase	The oxidative TCA cycle with inactivation of sdhA gene and activated glyoxylate pathway	1

These theoretical yields in anaerobic culture were calculated assuming that NADH and NAD are balanced as a result of central carbon metabolism.
These theoretical yields in aerobic culture were calculated assuming that oxygen is the H-acceptor.