Current Stem Cell Delivery Methods for Myocardial Repair

Table 1

Surgical direct myocardial injection studies.

Study	No. of patients	Cell type	No. of cells	Outcome
Hamano et al. (2001) [85]	5/0	ABMMNC	5 × 10^7–1 × 10^8	3/5 showed improvement in coronary perfusion
Patel et al. (2005) [81]	10/10	CD34 + BMC	2.2 × 10^7	Significant improvement in cardiac function
Gavira et al. (2006) [89]	12/14	SMB	2.21 × 10^8	Increased global and regional LVEF improvement in viability, and perfusion of cardiac tissue
Mocini et al. (2006) [90]	18/18	ABMMNC	2.92 × 10^8	Improvement in LVEF and wall motion score index
Klein et al. (2007) [91]	10/0	CD133 + BMC	1.5 × 10^6–9.7 × 10^6	Improvement in LVEF
Ahmadi et al. (2007) [92]	18/9	CD133 + BMC	N/A	Improvement in wall motion score index and perfusion of cardiac tissue
Stamm et al. (2007) [93]	20/20	CD133 + BMC	5 × 10^6	Improvement in LVEF and perfusion of cardiac tissue
Pompilio et al. (2008) [82]	5/0	CD133 + BMC	4 × 10^6–12 × 10^6	Improvement in perfusion but no significant improvement in LVEF
Zhao et al. (2008) [94]	18/18	ABMMNC	6.59 × 10^8	Improvement in LVEF, wall motion score index, and perfusion of cardiac tissue
Menasché et al. (2008) [56]	33/34/30	SMB	4 × 10^8/8 × 10^8	No improvement in regional or global LVEF
Akar et al. (2009) [95]	25/25	ABMMNC	1.29 × 10^9	Improvement in LVEF, perfusion, and contractility
Viswanathan et al. (2010) [96]	15/15	ABMMNC	3 × 10^6–2.6 × 10^7	Improvement in perfusion but no significant improvement in LVEF
Nasseri (2012) [88]	30/30	CD133 + BMC	5.6 × 10^6	No improvement in LVEF

ABMMNC: autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells; BMC: bone marrow cells; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; SMB: skeletal myoblast.