Development of Microencapsulation Delivery System for Long-Term Preservation of Probiotics as Biotherapeutics Agent

Table 2

Supported report provides evidence that encapsulation of probiotics results in increased viability.

Sr. no.	Supported report provides evidence that encapsulation of probiotics results in increased viability	References
1	It has been investigated that when yoghurt isolates of L. acidophilus and Bifidobacterium are encapsulated in 2% alginate solution, the viability was increased 15.9% and 16.6%, respectively, under acidic and bile salt condition	[139]
2	The use of calcium-induced alginate starch coating has also improved the survivability of encapsulated cells of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium lactis (probiotic bacteria) up to 2 and 1 log cell numbers, respectively, in yoghurt	[140]
3	Whey protein-based microcapsules can improve the cell survival of probiotic bacteria under extreme conditions	[141]
4	A combination of gellan-alginate was used to encapsulate Bifidobacterium bifidum. The result showed that 2% sodium alginate and 1% gellan gum used as encapsulating materials have provided the highest thermotolerance in terms of B. bifidum count. The results of heat treatments also demonstrated that the addition of gellan gum in the walls of probiotic microcapsules provided improved protection for B. bifidum. The cell counts of B. bifidum remained at 10^5–10^6 CFU/g for the microcapsules stored for 2 months	[142]
5	Encapsulated cells also showed approximately 10^4 times increase in viability during exposure to acidic and bile salt conditions	[143]
6	It was found that cells microencapsulated in alginate, carrageenan, and xanthan gum survived better than free cells following 2 h incubation in acidic condition (pH 2)	[144]
7	It was found that cells encapsulated by extrusion using alginate and alginate with starch offered greater protection to cells in simulated gastric juice	[24]
8	Chitosan coating of microbeads resulted in a significant increase in survival time of L. rhamnosus from 40 to 120 min in acid condition, and the reduction in cell numbers was confined to 0.94 log over this time. Alginate macrobeads are more effective than microbeads in protecting L. acidophilus against high acid and bile	[145]