Responses of Growth Performance and Proinflammatory Cytokines Expression to Fish Oil Supplementation in Lactation Sows’ and/or Weaned Piglets’ Diets

Table 4

Lipid concentration and fatty acid composition of milk of sows fed with and without fish oil^1,2.

	C	T	SEM	P-value
Lipid, g/100 g milk solid	5.69	5.81	0.27	0.767
Fatty acid composition, g/100 g total fatty acid
C14:0	3.43	4.47	0.20	0.003
C16:0	32.44	33.69	0.68	0.218
C18:0	3.76	3.91	0.18	0.548
∑SFA^3	39.63	42.07	0.73	0.035
C16:1 (n-7)	8.42	10.77	0.23	<0.001
C18:1 (n-9)	27.97	20.73	0.72	<0.001
∑MUFA^3	36.40	31.50	0.72	<0.001
C18:2 (n-6)	13.56	10.78	0.44	<0.001
C20:4 (n-6)	0.39	0.29	0.03	0.008
∑(n-6) PUFA^3	13.95	11.07	0.45	<0.001
C18:3 (n-3)	0.56	0.65	0.04	0.104
C20:5 (n-3)	0.04	2.71	0.07	<0.001
C22:5 (n-3)	0.10	1.12	0.04	<0.001
C22:6 (n-3)	0.07	2.53	0.06	<0.001
∑(n-3) PUFA^3	0.77	7.00	0.11	<0.001
∑PUFA^3	14.71	18.07	0.49	<0.001

1Values are means ± pooled SEM, control 𝑛=9, treatment 𝑛=6.
2Fatty acids are designated by the number of carbon atoms followed by the number of double bonds. The position of the first double bond relative to the methyl (n) end of the molecule is also indicated.
3SFA: saturated fatty acids, MUFA: monounsaturated fatty acids, PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acids; ∑SFA: the sum of C14:0, C16:0, and C18:0; ∑MUFA: the sum of C16:1 (n-7) and C18:1 (n-9); ∑(n-6) PUFA: the sum of C18:2 (n-6) and C20:4 (n-6); ∑(n-3) PUFA: the sum of C18:3 (n-3), C20:5 (n-3), C22:5 (n-3), and C22:6 (n-3); ∑PUFA: the sum of ∑(n-6) PUFA and ∑(n-3) PUFA.