|
| Methods | Advantages | Disadvantages |
|
| Thermal treatment [5, 11, 14, 16, 17, 37, 57, 61] | Relatively low requirement for equipment
Simple procedure
Manageable conditions
Low risk in disease infection
Relatively low cost
Large amount of resultant | Unpredictable effect of heating on apatite crystals
Properties of resultant vary upon different sintering conditions |
|
| Chemical treatment [64, 65] | Possible reservation of the original crystal form and composition
Avoidance of heating effect
Supplementary role for other methods | Residual chemical and organic components
Possible precipitation of amorphous Ca-P phases [34]
Time consuming |
|
| Low power plasma ashing [13, 15, 63] | Possible reservation of the original crystal form and composition
Avoidance of heating effect, partial dissolution, and recrystallization | Relatively complex procedure
Time consuming
Small amount of resultant
Special equipment are required |
|
| Supercritical CO2 fluid extraction [66] | Relatively low cost
Possible reservation of the original crystal form and composition
Avoidance of heating effect, partial dissolution, and recrystallization
Large amount of resultant | Time consuming
Residual organic components
Special equipment are required |
|
| Hydrothermal hydrolysis [5] | No residual organic components
Simple procedure
Manageable conditions | Special equipment are required
Unpredictable effect of high pressure on apatite crystals
Properties of resultant vary upon different hydrolysis conditions |
|
