Developing a Clinical-Grade Cryopreservation Protocol for Human Testicular Tissue and Cells

Figure 1

Immunolocalization of cell marker and representative images of testicular cross-sections from estrogen-treated patients. This figure shows localization of SSEA4 and VASA positive and various degrees of spermatogenesis in the human testicular tissue collected from sexual reassignment patients. SSEA4 only stains the cells along the basement membrane of the seminiferous tubules. VASA stains all the germ cells including those along the basement membrane and in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules. Note various degrees of spermatogenesis were found in testes collected from three sexual reassignment patients (HT-5, HT-6, and HT-7).