Alga Ecklonia bicyclis, Tribulus terrestris, and Glucosamine Oligosaccharide Improve Erectile Function, Sexual Quality of Life, and Ejaculation Function in Patients with Moderate Mild-Moderate Erectile Dysfunction: A Prospective, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Single-Blinded Study

Table 2

Mean changes from baseline to 3 months for primary and secondary outcomes.

	Group A	Group B
IIEF-15, mean ± SD	11.54 ± 2.47^a,b	1.32 ± 2.67
IIEF-EF, mean ± SD	0.35 ± 1.42	0.04 ± 1.00
IIEF-IS, mean ± SD	1.72 ± 1.63^a,b	0.05 ± 2.15
IIEF-OF, mean ± SD	2.20 ± 1.51^a,b	0.08 ± 1.77
IIEF-SD, mean ± SD	1.03 ± 1.35^a,b	0.41 ± 0.34
IIEF-OS, mean ± SD	2.51 ± 1.45^a,b	0.57 ± 0.39
MSHQ-EjD, mean ± SD	1.21 ± 2.03^a,b	0.24 ± 1.07
SQoL-M, mean ± SD	10.20 ± 3.77^a,b	1.24 ± 2.53
PSV (cm/s), mean ± SD	1.36 ± 0.75^a,b	0.21 ± 0.44
EDV (cm/s), mean ± SD	0.24 ± 1.0	0.31 ± 0.9
Total testosterone (nmol/L),; mean ± SD	14.26 ± 2.05	13.31 ± 1.32
Normal arterial function (PSV ≥35 cm/s) subgroup
IIEF-EF, mean ± SD	0.94 ± 3.68	0.10 ± 4.10
PSV (cm/s), mean ± SD	0.16 ± 0.75	0.10 ± 0.87
MSHQ-EJD, mean ± SD	1.41 ± 1.85^a,b	0.32 ± 1.54
SQoL-M, mean ± SD	8.76 ± 3.65	1.41 ± 3.21
Moderate arterial dysfunction (PSV ≥25 and <35 cm/s) subgroup
IIEF-EF, mean ± SD	1.82 ± 3.08^a,b	0.16 ± 2.69
PSV (cm/s), mean ± SD	1.56 ± 0.82^a,b	0.23 ± 0.63
MSHQ-EJD, mean ± SD	1.23 ± 1.84^a,b	0.11 ± 1.52
SQoL-M, mean ± SD	11.65 ± 3.12^a,b	1.18 ± 2.87
Severe arterial dysfunction (PSV <25 cm/s) subgroup
IIEF-EF, mean ± SD	0.54 ± 2.77	0.23 ± 2.41
PSV (cm/s), mean ± SD	0.05 ± 0.52	0.09 ± 0.74
MSHQ-EJD, mean ± SD	0.90 ± 2.56	0.25 ± 2.31
SQoL-M, mean ± SD	2.43 ± 2.89	1.21 ± 3.44

^a𝑃<0.05 versus baseline; ^b𝑃<0.05 versus Group B.