Evaluation of Anti-Candida Activity of Vitis vinifera L. Seed Extracts Obtained from Wine and Table Cultivars
Table 3
Antifungal activity against Candida spp. of GSEs obtained from selected cultivars of Vitis vinifera L. harvested in 2010 and cultured under controlled agronomic conditions of water and nitrogen.
Candida spp.
M. PalieriV2N1
M. PalieriV1N1
RedGlobeV2N1
RedGlobeV1N1
ItaliaV2N2
ItaliaV1N2
Fluconazole
MIC
MIC
MIC
MIC
MIC
MIC
MIC
krusei
PMC0613
8
16
8
16
8
16
8
16
8
16
8
16
8
16
krusei
PMC0625
8
8
4
8
4
8
8
8
4
8
4
8
16
32
krusei
DSM 6128
4
8
8
16
8
8
8
8
4
8
4
8
16
16
krusei
PMC0612
8
16
8
16
8
16
8
16
8
16
8
16
8
16
krusei
PMC0622
8
8
4
8
4
8
4
8
4
8
4
8
16
32
glabrata
PMC0805
4
32
8
32
8
64
8
32
4
32
4
8
1
8
glabrata
PMC0849
4
8
4
8
4
8
4
16
4
8
4
8
1
4
glabrata
PMC0843
4
8
4
8
4
8
4
16
8
8
2
8
4
16
glabrata
PMC0822
16
32
16
32
16
32
8
32
16
32
16
32
0.5
1
parapsilosis
PMC0706
8
16
8
16
8
32
4
32
8
16
8
8
1
8
parapsilosis
PMC0703
16
16
8
16
16
32
8
32
16
16
16
16
0.5
4
parapsilosis
ATCC22019
8
16
8
16
8
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
2
2
parapsilosis
DSM11224
8
32
16
32
8
32
8
16
8
32
8
16
1
2
parapsilosis
PMC0704
16
32
32
64
16
32
8
32
16
32
16
16
0.5
1
parapsilosis
PMC0711
16
16
16
16
16
16
8
16
16
16
16
16
0.5
2
tropicalis
PMC0910
1
2
1
2
0.5
2
0.5
2
1
2
1
8
4
16
tropicalis
PMC0908
16
16
16
32
16
32
8
16
16
16
8
32
0.5
2
tropicalis
PMC0912
16
32
16
32
16
32
16
64
16
32
16
32
1
4
tropicalis
DSM11953
16
32
32
64
16
32
8
16
16
32
16
16
1
8
tropicalis
PMC0914
16
16
16
32
16
32
8
32
16
16
8
16
0.5
2
tropicalis
PMC0913
16
32
16
32
16
32
8
64
16
32
16
32
1
2
GM
6.8
15.3
8.6
17.5
7.0
18
7.0
17.1
7.1
14.6
6.5
14
2.6
8.3
Range
0.5–16
2–32
1–32
2–64
0.5–16
1–64
0.5–32
1–64
0.5–16
2–32
0.5–16
4–32
0.25–32
1–64
The values are expressed in mg/L as median of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determined using Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) protocol M27-A3. GM: geometrical mean of MIC. : lowest drug concentration that prevented 90% of growth with respect to the untreated control.
