Review Article
[Retracted] Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Novel Molecular Targets in Carcinogenesis for Future Therapies
Figure 2
Mechanisms responsible for inefficient T-cell responses in HCC. Failure of TAA processing and presentation; suppression of CD4+ and CD8+ cells by Treg; insufficient levels of CD4 help; negative regulation by PD-1/PDL1 pathway.