Independent Value of Cardiac Troponin T and Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain in Predicting All-Cause Mortality among Stable Hemodialysis Patients with Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction

Table 4

Cox regression analysis for all-cause mortality.

	Basic model		Basic model + cTnT × 100		Basic model + GLS ≥ −15%		Full model		Full model + interaction term		Reduced model 1		Reduced model 2 (final model)		Final model + interaction term
	HR	𝑃	HR	𝑃	HR	𝑃	HR	𝑃	HR	𝑃	HR	𝑃	HR	𝑃	HR	𝑃
Albumin	0.17	0.004*	0.22	0.10	0.16	0.003*	0.23	0.047*	0.28	0.09	0.22	0.04*	0.24	0.048*	0.29	0.09
CAD	2.62	0.04*	2.43	0.04*	1.96	0.16	2.12	0.12	2.22	0.11	2.21	0.10	—	—	—	—
DM	3.17	0.03*	2.10	0.35	2.97	0.04*	1.72	0.40	1.49	0.50	—	—	—	—	—	—
HTN	3.39	0.02*	2.94	0.05*	3.09	0.02*	3.09	0.03*	2.64	0.09	3.00	0.04*	2.70	0.06	2.31	0.12
cTnT × 100	—	—	1.16	0.001*	—	—	1.13	0.009*	1.19	0.01*	1.15	0.001*	1.14	0.002*	1.21	0.001*
GLS ≥ −15%	—	—	—	—	3.57	0.02*	3.09	0.03*	4.00	0.07	3.37	0.02*	2.79	0.049*	6.45	0.01*
(cTnT × 100) : (GLS ≥ −15%)^#	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	0.91	0.22	—	—	—	—	0.90	0.14

Data presented are based on the Cox regression analysis; 95% CIs for each HR are presented in Supplementary Table S3. In multivariate analysis, we firstly constructed the model including background coronary arterial disease (CAD) and diabetes and hypertension together with serum albumin concentration as a basic model; then, we added cTnT × 100 and/or a GLS ≥ −15% into the basic model to study their effects on mortality. Next, a backward stepwise procedure was used to choose the final reduced model, with variables significant at 𝑃<0.10 being retained in the model. To obtain an adequate reduced model, before dropping a covariate from the model, we confirmed that its absence did not result in a substantial change in the overall predicting power of the model.
^∗𝑃<0.05; ^#(cTnT × 100) : (GLS ≥−15%), interaction between cTnT × 100 and GLS ≥ −15%.
Abbreviations: CAD: coronary arterial disease; cTnT: cardiac troponin T, DM: diabetes; GLS: global left ventricular peak systolic longitudinal strain (a less negative GLS was defined by a GLS ≥−15%).