Castanea sativa Mill. Flowers amongst the Most Powerful Antioxidant Matrices: A Phytochemical Approach in Decoctions and Infusions
Table 3
Quantification of phenolic compounds in infusions and decoctions of Castanea sativa flowers expressed in mg/g of lyophilized decoction/infusion.
Compounds
Decoction judia
Decoction longal
Infusion judia
Infusion longal
Pedunculagin isomer (bis-HHDP-glucose)
5.21 ± 0.11
8.48 ± 0.51
5.98 ± 0.16
7.68 ± 0.11
Pedunculagin isomer (bis-HHDP-glucose)
1.12 ± 0.09
1.44 ± 0.19
0.92 ± 0.92
1.21 ± 0.04
Galloyl-HHDP-glucose
3.07 ± 0.14
3.18 ± 0.00
3.18 ± 0.07
3.05 ± 0.09
Trigalloyl-HHDP-glucose
2.81 ± 0.25
5.51 ± 0.06
2.60 ± 0.06
4.30 ± 0.47
(+)-Catechin
1.14 ± 0.12
1.58 ± 0.14
1.11 ± 0.03
1.10 ± 0.05
Pentagalloyl glucose
5.61 ± 0.08
6.04 ± 0.15
5.73 ± 0.14
6.47 ± 0.15
Galloyl-bis-HHDP-glucose
0.45 ± 0.04
0.29 ± 0.07
0.66 ± 0.01
0.30 ± 0.01
Castalagin/vescalagin
0.75 ± 0.06
0.73 ± 0.11
1.06 ± 0.09
1.61 ± 0.04
Galloyl-HHDP derivative
0.38 ± 0.02
0.55 ± 0.07
3.60 ± 0.16
3.72 ± 0.01
Trigalloyl-HHDP-glucoside
26.72 ± 0.15
28.16 ± 0.11
30.70 ± 0.40
28.73 ± 1.34
Myricetin O-glucuronide
1.13 ± 0.02
0.09 ± 0.00
0.96 ± 0.01
0.08 ± 0.00
Myricetin 3-O-glucoside
0.66 ± 0.01
0.09 ± 0.01
0.60 ± 0.01
0.09 ± 0.00
Trigalloyl-HHDP-glucoside
1.33 ± 0.00
0.54 ± 0.01
1.61 ± 0.05
0.70 ± 0.04
Quecetin 3-O-rutinoside
1.57 ± 0.01
0.52 ± 0.03
1.31 ± 0.10
0.48 ± 0.05
Quercetin 3-O-glucuronide
3.55 ± 0.10
1.56 ± 0.04
3.38 ± 0.01
1.49 ± 0.07
Quercetin 3-O-glucoside*
1.80 ± 0.01
0.89 ± 0.02
1.60 ± 0.04
0.91 ± 0.10
Quercetin O-hexoside
2.21 ± 0.07
1.82 ± 0.05
2.11 ± 0.02
1.85 ± 0.06
Kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside
0.21 ± 0.01
0.21 ± 0.03
0.18 ± 0.01
0.21 ± 0.01
Quercetin O-pentoside
0.43 ± 0.02
0.20 ± 0.01
0.34 ± 0.00
0.22 ± 0.02
Galloyl-HHDP derivative
4.18 ± 0.10
4.54 ± 0.14
2.41 ± 0.14
1.96 ± 0.12
Kaempferol 3-O-glucoside
0.53 ± 0.00
0.49 ± 0.01
0.41 ± 0.00
0.46 ± 0.04
Isorhamnetin O-hexoside
0.33 ± 0.04
0.27 ± 0.01
0.27 ± 0.00
0.30 ± 0.01
Isorhamnetin O-glucuronide
0.35 ± 0.03
0.50 ± 0.02
0.33 ± 0.01
0.46 ± 0.04
Galloyl-HHDP derivative
2.04 ± 0.06
2.02 ± 0.03
0.72 ± 0.01
0.59 ± 0.01
Tri-O-methylellagic acid
0.10 ± 0.01
tr
0.08 ± 0.01
tr
Quercetin O-rhamnosyl hexoside
0.23 ± 0.00
0.10 ± 0.01
0.23 ± 0.03
0.09 ± 0.00
Isorhamnetin O-acetylhexoside
0.11 ± 0.00
0.08 ± 0.01
0.12 ± 0.01
0.04 ± 0.00
Total flavonoids
14.26 ± 0.14
a
8.38 ± 0.01
c
12.94 ± 0.17
b
7.79 ± 0.35
d
Total hydrolyzable tannins
53.78 ± 0.31
c
61.49 ± 0.80
a
59.25 ± 0.03
b
60.32 ± 1.87
ab
Total phenolic compounds
68.04 ± 0.18
c
69.88 ± 0.81
bc
72.20 ± 0.14
a
68.10 ± 1.52
c
In each row different letters mean significant differences with a . They refer to Tukey’s post hoc test; therefore, significant different values were classified using letters in alphabetic order. tr: compound detected in trace amount. *Estimation due to its low resolution.
