Review Article
The Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Pathway, Prolyl Hydroxylase Domain Protein Inhibitors, and Their Roles in Bone Repair and Regeneration
Table 1
Approaches to HIF signal enhancement.
| Approach/agent | Remarks | Applications/reference |
| Chemical inhibition of PHDs by hypoxia-mimetics | Operate conveniently | | Iron chelators or iron competitive inhibitors | Nonspecific; unwanted effects on endogenous iron | | DFO | | [38–44] | CoCl2 | | [45] | Oxoglutarate analogues | Nonspecific | | DMOG | | [40] | L-Mimosine | | [43] | EDHB | | [46] | FG-2216 | | [47] | GSK360A | |
[35] | Genetic techniques | Complex procedures; biotic security | | Von-Hippel-Lindau knockout | Nonspecific | [48, 49] | PHD siRNA transfection | PHD-specific | | PHD2 siRNA | | [50, 51] | Constitutively active HIF- transgenes | Organ-specific | [52, 53] |
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DFO: deferoxamine; CoCl2: cobalt chloride; DMOG: dimethyloxalylglycine; EDHB: ethyl-3-4-dihydroxybenzoate; FG: fibrogen; GSK: GlaxoSmithKline.
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