Review Article

Subunit Composition of Neurotransmitter Receptors in the Immature and in the Epileptic Brain

Table 1

Subunit composition of glutamate and GABA receptors in the immature brain.

Author and yearStudy designSubstudy features (if applicable)AMPANMDAGABA

Animal models of the immature brain without seizures
Kumar et al., 2002 [9]Neocortical pyramidal neurons in excitatory layer 5, immature nonepileptic rats (compared to mature rats)GluA2 ↓ 
GluA1/GluA2 ↑ 
GluA4/GluA2 ↑ 

Talos et al., 2006 [11] Immature nonepileptic rats (compared to mature rats)White matterGluA1 ↓ 
GluA2 ↓ 
GluA3 ↑ 
GluA4 ↑ 
nonGluA2/GluA2 ↑
Gray matterGluA1 ↑ 
GluA2 ↓ 
GluA3 ↓ 
GluA4 ↓ 
nonGluA2/GluA2 ↑ 
GluA1/GluA2 ↑

Monyer et al., 1994 [10]Immature nonepileptic rats (compared to mature rats). Various areas in the brain GluN2A ↓ 
GluN2B ↓ 
GluN2C ↓ 
GluN2D ↑

Wong et al., 2002 [13]Immature nonepileptic rats (compared to mature rats). Various areas in the brain GluN3A ↑ 
GluN3A/GluN1 ↑

Dunning et al., 1999 [22]Functional studies of neurons from somatosensory cortex of neonatal mice1 ↓

Data from the human immature brain without seizures
Talos et al., 2006 [12]Autopsy samples from newborns of different gestational ages (compared to adult standard). Parietooccipital lobe tissue. Death due to nonneurological disordersWhite matterGluA2 ↓ 
GluA1/GluA2 ↑ 
GluA3 ↑ 
GluA3/GluA2 ↑ 
GluA4 ↑ 
GluA4/GluA3 ↑
Gray matterGluA1 ↑ 
GluA2 ↓ 
GluA1/GluA2 ↑ 
GluA3 ↓ 
GluA4 ↓

Brooks-Kayal and Pritchett, 1993 [7]Autopsy samples from patients without neurological disease of different ages (36 gestational weeks to 81 years). Frontal cortex and cerebellum1 ↓ 
1 ↓* 

Studies on mRNA.