In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antiprotozoal Activities, Phytochemical Screening and Heavy Metals Toxicity of Different Parts of Ballota nigra

Table 1

Antibacterial activity of Ballota nigra root.

Test microorganisms	Zone of inhibition (mm)
	Crude		n-Hexane		Chloroform		Ethyl acetate		n-Butanol		Aqueous		Standards
Crude extract/fractions (𝜇g/𝜇L)	2/1	2/1	2/1	2/1	2/1	2/1	2/1	2/1	2/1	2/1	2/1	2/1	Amx*	Lev**
Salmonella typhi	16	15	—	—	14	13	15	17	—	—	—	—	—	28
Staphylococcus aureus	20	21	10	10	17	17	23	24	09	08	—	—	—	29
Proteus mirabilis	22	22	09	11	23	22	22	21	08	10	—	—	—	26
Klebsiella pneumoniae	19	18	10	11	19	16	14	12	11	10	—	—	—	28
Escherichia coli	16	15	—	—	14	12	09	10	—	—	—	—	—	22
Enterococcus faecalis	24	23	08	09	24	22	17	16	—	—	—	—	—	29

(—): no inhibition zone (7 mm), *amoxicillin: 5 𝜇g/𝜇L, and **levofloxacin: 5 𝜇g/𝜇L.