Laparoscopic Resection for Rectal Cancer: What Is the Evidence?

Table 4

Comparison of HALS versus standard laparoscopic approach.

Surgical method	Trial	Numbers	Estimated blood loss (mL)	Operating time (min)	Hospitalisation stay	Complications (%)	Number of LN harvested	Distal tumour margin (cm)	CRM	Involved CRM
Standard laparoscopic	Tjandra et al.; [30]	31	152.9	188.2	5.8	25.8	17.4	2.6	8.3	1
HALS	Tjandra et al.; [30]	32	158.1	169.8	5.9	21.9	17.4	2.6	8.5	1
HALS	Pendlimari et al.; [31]	129	250	204	5	3	*	*	*	*

∗Pendlimari et al.’s [31] analysed results for both rectal and colon cancers. No subdivision was made between the two types and hence cannot be accurately reflected here.