Platelet-Rich Plasma in Bone Regeneration: Engineering the Delivery for Improved Clinical Efficacy
Table 2
Role of PRP components in bone remodeling.
PDGF
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) and progenitor cell recruitment, proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation. Osteoblast proliferation and ECM ossification [25, 128, 129]
TGF-
MSC recruitment and differentiation. Increased production of collagen and mineral matrix. Inhibits osteoclast formation and bone resorption [128ā130]
TGF-1
MSC recruitment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation [25]
IGF-1
Stimulates bone formation via cellular proliferation, differentiation, and synthesis of Type I collagen [25, 128, 129]
IL-1, IL-6, TNF-
Promotes early responses of bone repair, endochondral bone formation, and bone remodeling [129, 131]
Basic FGF
MSC growth and differentiation. Osteoblast proliferation [132]
Fibronectin, vitronectin
Enhances formation of focal adhesions by osteoblasts, osteoblast migration [133]
VEGF
Promotes angiogenesis and endochondral ossification [25]