Expression of Stem Cell and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Markers in Circulating Tumor Cells of Breast Cancer Patients

Table 4

Stem cell markers in CTC of breast cancer patients.

Author	Year	𝑁	Method	Stem cell; marker	Expression rate in CTC
Kasimir-Bauer et al. [17]	2012	502^1	RT-PCR	ALDH1	46%^3, 5%^4
Giordano et al. [18]	2012	28^2	Flow cytometry	ALDH; CD44^+/CD24^low	0.1%; 3%^3,∗, 49%^4,∗
Barriere et al. [19]	2012	24^1	RT-PCR	ALDH1; CD44; Bmi1	54%; 67%**; 33%**
Mego et al. [77]	2012	17^2	Flow cytometry	ALDH; CD44^+/CD24^low	n. d.
Raimondi et al. [78]	2011	61^1,2	RT-PCR	ALDH1	46%
Aktas et al. [20]	2009	39^2	RT-PCR	ALDH1	69%^3,∗, 14%^4,∗
Theodoropoulos et al. [59]	2010	30^2	IFC	ALDH1; CD44^+/CD24^low	18%; 35%

1Primary breast cancer, ²metastatic breast cancer, ³CTC positive group, ⁴CTC negative group; *among ALDH positive cells, **among EMT or ALDH1 positive cells, n. d.: not done, IFC: immunofluorescence.