Radiopharmaceutical Stem Cell Tracking for Neurological Diseases

Table 2

Clinical studies using radiopharmaceuticals for stem cell tracking in neurology.

Study reference	Radiopharmaceutical	Route	Cell type	Type of lesion	Time from lesion	Number of treated patients; (number of controls)	Number of cells injected	Infusion volume, rate, and duration	Imaging time points
Correa et al., 2007 [36]	99mTc-HMPAO	Middle cerebral artery	BM-MNCs	Middle cerebral artery ischemic stroke	9 days	1 (no controls)	3×10^7	Not specified	8 h
Barbosa da Fonseca et al., 2009 [37], 2010 [38]; Battistella et al., 2011 [39]; Rosado-de-Castro et al., 2013 [40]	99mTc	Middle cerebral artery or cephalic vein	BM-MNCs	Middle cerebral artery ischemic stroke	19–89 days	12 (no controls)	1×10^8 to 5×10^8	10 mL in 10 min (1 mL/min)	2 and 24 h

99mTc: Technetium-99m; 99mTc-HMPAO: Technetium-99m-hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime; BM-MNCs: bone marrow mononuclear cells.