Mice were randomly assigned to 3 groups: (1) sedentary, (2) moderate intensity forced treadmill exercise (FTR) (8–12 m/min, 40 min, 6 weeks, and 5x/week), or (3) voluntary wheel training (VWR) (30 days access to wheels). Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) was given at 2% (w/v) in drinking water over 5 days. Mice discontinued exercise 24 h prior to DSS treatment.
Forced treadmill exercise exacerbated the colitis manifestation and mucosal inflammation (rise in diarrhea and gene expression of IL-6, IL-1, and IL-17 in the colon. Also higher mortality was observed in the FTR/DSS group. VWR alleviated colitis symptoms and reduced inflammatory gene expression in the colonic mucosa of DSS-treated mice.
Male adiponectin knockout (APNKO) and wild type (WT) mice (C57BL/6)
APNKO and WT mice were randomly assigned to different groups: (1) sedentary (SED); (2) exercise trained (ET); (3) sedentary with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) treatment (SED + DSS); and (4) exercise trained with DSS (ET + DSS). Exercise-trained mice ran at 18 m/min for 60 min, 5 d/wk for 4 weeks. Subsequently, the ET + DSS and the SED + DSS mice received 2% DSS in their drinking water for 5 days (d), followed by 5 d of regular water.
The clinical symptoms of colitis were unaffected by exercise and there was no difference between the APNKO and WT mice. The clinical symptoms of the DSS-treated APNKO mice were worse than WT mice treated with DSS and had increased local STAT3 activation, higher IL-6, TNF-, IL-1, and IL-10. Exercise training significantly decreased proinflammatory cytokines including IL-6, TNF-, and IL-1 and the phosphorylation expression of STAT3 in both WT and APNKO mice in DSS + EX.
Animals were given 16 weeks of wheel running (WR) or a control condition and at the end of training were assigned to a single acute treadmill exercise session (30 min at 22 m/min, 30 min at 25 m/min, and 30 min at 28 m/min).
WR mice had lower TNF- and caspase 7 and higher IL-10 and IL-6 expression in intestinal lymphocyte (ILymph) than No WR mice. A single exposure to intense aerobic treadmill exercise increased pro-(TNF-) and anti-(IL-10) inflammatory cytokine and proapoptotic protein (caspase 3) expression in ILymph. The percent of early and late apoptotic and dead ILymph were higher after acute exercise.
Effect of moderate exercise (30 min per day swimming) on repeated restraint stress- (RRS-) induced intestinal barrier dysfunction.
Exercise attenuated chronic stress-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in mice, possibly due to augmentation of antimicrobial responses in the small intestine.
