Psychometric Properties of Questionnaires on Functional Health Status in Oropharyngeal Dysphagia: A Systematic Literature Review
Table 6
Characteristics of questionnaires for the assessment of FHS in oropharyngeal dysphagia.
Questionnaire
Domains (number of items)
Scales
Number of items
Response options
Range of scores1
Cut-off point2
EAT-10
Severity of oropharyngeal dysphagia
1
10
5-point Likert scale: 0 = no problem, 4 = severe problem
0–40
0–2 is in normal range; 3–40 is indicative of swallowing problems
SOAL
Swallowing function
1
17
(i) No, a little, a lot (ii) (If answered “a little” or “a lot”: Does this bother you? Yes/No)
0–34
0–4 is within normal range; 5–34 is indicative of swallowing problems
Self-report Symptom Inventory
Symptomatic severity of oropharyngeal dysphagia
1
19 Prototype Self-report Symptom Inventory
(i) 17 items: visual analogue scales anchored by extreme statements (normal function—extreme dysfunction) (ii) 1 item: 0 to 5 (iii) 1 item: 0 to 3
0–1708
0–192 is within normal range; 193–1708 is indicative of swallowing problems
17 Modified Self-report Symptom Inventory
(i) 16 items: visual analogue scales anchored by extreme statements (normal function—extreme dysfunction) (ii) 1 item: 0 to 5
0–1700
(SSQ)
Overall swallowing function (1); direct physiological swallowing function (15); swallowing-related QoL (1)
1
170
Visual analogue scales anchored by extreme statements (normal function—extreme dysfunction)
0–1700
NR3
Higher scores indicate a more severe swallowing impairment.
2EAT-10 cut-off score: based on normative data using the mean total symptom score plus two SD (i.e., ) as upper limit of normal in healthy subjects (); SOAL cut-off score: based on regression analysis of Modified Barium Swallow and SOAL consensus rating determined a score of 5 and greater on the SOAL to be indicative of OD problems; Self-report Symptom Inventory (SSQ) cut-off score: based on normative data using the mean total score plus two SD (i.e., ) as upper limit of normal in healthy subjects ().
3NR = not reported.