Punicalagin and Ellagic Acid Demonstrate Antimutagenic Activity and Inhibition of Benzo[a]pyrene Induced DNA Adducts

Table 4

Effect of punicalagins on the methyl methanesulfonate induced mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium.

Treatment	Dose (μM)	Number of His^+ revertants colonies/plate (mean ± SE)
		TA 97a	TA 98	TA 100	TA 102
Spontaneous		142.0±5.3	33.7±2.0	128.3±4.9	240.7±7.0
Positive control (MMS)	1.0 μg	449.7±7.2	53.7±1.5	963.0±11.4	1237.0±14.5
Punicalagin	50	141.3±5.2	42.3±1.8	189.7±12.0	292.0±7.7
	100	153.7±9.2	35.7±1.8	181.0±7.4	278.0±12.8
	250	158.3±7.1	30.0±1.2	165.3±5.4	255.0±13.2
	500	174.0±6.4	27.3±2.0	187.7±9.8	254.0±14.3
Punicalagin + MMS	50	418.3±11.7 (10.2)	50.3±1.8 (29.4)	856.3±13.1^∗∗ (13.8)	1072.0±10.7^∗∗ (17.5)
	100	390.7±10.2^∗∗ (19.9)	45.3±2.0^∗ (46.3)	722.0±15.0^∗∗∗ (30.8)	942.0±16.2^∗∗∗ (30.8)
	250	326.0±7.8^∗∗∗ (42.4)	39.7±2.0^∗∗ (59.2)	601.3±12.3^∗∗∗ (45.3)	738.0±14.8^∗∗∗ (50.8)
	500	251.0±9.0^∗∗∗ (72.1)	35.0±2.1^∗∗ (70.9)	451.7±15.6^∗∗∗ (66.0)	509.0±19.7^∗∗∗ (74.1)
𝑅^2		0.95	0.99	0.99	0.99

aNegative control; ^bpreincubation test; values in parenthesis are % inhibition of mutagenicity.
^∗𝑃<0.05; ^∗∗𝑃<0.005 and ^∗∗∗𝑃<0.001; MMS: methyl methanesulfonate; 𝑅²: linear regression analysis.