Preliminary In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Antidiabetic Activity of Ducrosia anethifolia Boiss. and Its Linear Furanocoumarins

Table 1

In vitro carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes inhibition activities (%) of Ducrosia anethifolia total extract and isolated linear furanocoumarins.

Concentrations (μg/mL)	Acarbose (positive control)	Total extract	Psoralen (1)	5-methoxypsoralen (2)	Imperatorin (4)	Isooxypeucedanin (5)	Oxypeucedanin hydrate (8)
			𝛼-amylase inhibition%
10	32.20±1.29^a	31.20±2.34^a	16.48±0.98^e	17.59±0.60^e	28.27±2.97^d	19.21±1.08^e	18.40±1.10^e
50	35.19±348^c	29.33±4.13^a	24.78±2.24^b	28.70±1.04^a	34.16±1.04^c	22.11±1.22^b	23.33±2.45^b
100	47.37±4.15^g	45.00±5.06^g	28.34±1.89^e	34.29±3.11^d	45.15±6.18^g	24.14±2.00^f	25.30±1.99^f
500	52.55±4.49^c	49.97±6.19^c	39.65±2.80^b	45.12±3.33^a	52.26±5.69^c	39.77±3.20^b	37.08±2.00^b
1000	71.34±2.65^d	70.77±8.87^d	50.50±1.10^b	58.10±2.14^a	67.56±4.67^c	51.20±3.40^b	53.50±1.10^b
LSD 5%	5.88	4.99	3.9	4.32	5.18	4.99	7.90
			𝛼-glucosidase inhibition%
10	29.94±2.04^b	28.89±6.67^b	23.00±3.03^c	25.15±3.08^c	28.89±2.90^b	24.33±2.00^c	24.28±2.13^c
50	43.25±3.09^c	40.20±6.79^c	33.55±4.73^b	34.81±23.68^b	37.76±6.18^a	32.12±1.28^b	31.68±5.00^b
100	52.45±4.67^d	47.30±5.58^c	41.65±2.00^a	45.20±2.45^d	46.56±2.46^c	39.90±6.50^a	40.23±4.56^a
500	69.14±4.15^c	56.25±7.29^b	42.75±1.79^a	48.00±2.78^d	55.67±6.78^b	41.51±2.88^a	42.91±2.60^a
1000	85.33±2.47^c	74.25±8.09^b	59.85±2.90^e	64.39±1.78^d	69.66±3.67^b	52.31±2.50^a	51.67±2.60^a
LSD 5%	5.90	10.99	4.90	5.93	5. 94	5.77	5.99
			%
10	45.85±2.90^a	42.20±5.57^a	17.90±4.32^c	23.56±4.31^b	34.54±4.20^d	19.90±6.22^c	18.90±2.32^c
50	55.90±4.70^a	50.00±8.90^d	35.35±9.00^b	34.77±5.90^b	39.79±5.90^c	33.90±4.40^b	33.26±5.06^b
100	59.00±6.10^a	55.67±8.80^h	37.86±5.48^c	39.46±6.35^b	53.90±6.80^d	36.30±4.35^c	35.80±5.67^c
500	78.56±5.78^a	77.30±4.56^a	54.33±5.41^c	62.34±5.99^b	69.90±6.50^d	50.70±4.71^c	48.70±3.56^e
1000	83.66±6.51^a	78.66±9.01^h	56.00±5.01^c	65.31±4.17^b	72.86±4.41^d	54.34±4.57^c	56.09±4.41^c
LSD 5%	11.00	11.00	13.1	12.7	11.20	12.99	12.96

Data are means ± SD of three replicates in each group. Statistical analysis is carried out using CoStat Computer Program coupled with post hoc (least significance difference LSD), where the unshared letter is significantly different at 𝑃≤0.05.