Review Article
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: An In Vivo Molecular Imaging Biomarker for Parkinson’s Disease?
Table 3
Main results of MRS studies in PD patients treated with dopaminergic drugs and DBS.
| | MRS technique | Drug | Main results | Mean (SD) of metabolite ratios in treated patients | Mean (SD) of metabolite ratios in nontreated patients | Mean (SD) of metabolite ratios in controls | Significant differences were indicated by the following: | Reference |
|
1HMRS
at 1.5 T | Levodopa/carbidopa | Low NAA/Cho ratios in striatum of nontreated PD patients | NAA/Cho:
1.80 (0.48) | NAA/Cho:
1.60 (0.33) | NAA/Cho:
1.83 (0.62) | for nontreated patients versus controls | [45] |
1HMRS
at 1.5 T | Levodopa | Reduction in putaminal NAA/Cho ratios contralateral to the most affected side in drug-naïve patients | NAA/Cho:
1.15 (0.19) | NAA/Cho:
0.97 (0.14) | NAA/Cho:
1.26 (0.28) | for nontreated patients versus controls | [46] |
| | MRS technique | Treatment | Main results | Mean (SD) of metabolite ratios before treatment | Mean (SD) of metabolite ratios after treatment | Mean (SD) of metabolite ratios in controls | Significant differences were indicated by the following: | Reference |
|
1HMRS
at 1.5 T | Pergolide | Significant increase of Cho/Cr ratios in the motor cortex after therapy | Cho/Cr:
0.71 (0.13) | Cho/Cr:
0.82 (0.13) | NA | | [47] |
1HMRS
at 1.0 T | DBS of the STN | Cortical increase of NAA/Cho and NAA/Cr ratios | NAA/Cho:
1.3238 (0.3196)
NAA/Cr:
1.6303 (0.6361) | NAA/Cho:
2.5583 (1.2993)
NAA/Cr:
1.7057 (0.4167) | NA | for NAA/Cho;
for NAA/Cr | [48] |
|
|
Cho: choline-containing compounds; Cr: creatine + phosphocreatine; DBS: deep brain stimulation; 1HMRS: proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy; MRS: magnetic resonance spectroscopy; NA: not applicable; NAA: N-acetylaspartate; PD: Parkinson’s disease; SD: standard deviation; STN: subthalamic nucleus; T: Tesla.
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