Fungi Treated with Small Chemicals Exhibit Increased Antimicrobial Activity against Facultative Bacterial and Yeast Pathogens

Table 3

Fungal samples showing increased antimicrobial activity after SC treatment compared to the untreated fungal sample.

Fungal strain	Fungal fraction	SC	Target	Log reduction°
Aspergillus clavatus*	Supernatant	AZA	S. aureus	4.28±0.745
		Butyrate		3.01±0.521
		TSA		3.89±0.637
		VPA		3.75±0.419
		GlcNAc		0.72±0.187
		AZA	P. aeruginosa	4.03±0.923
		Butyrate		3.24±0.427
		TSA		4.12±0.845
		VPA		4.04±0.736
		GlcNAc		1.25±0.249
		AZA	C. albicans	2.01±0.423
		Butyrate		1.84±0.359
		TSA		2.04±0.476
		VPA		3.12±0.863
		GlcNAc		1.36±0.419
Clavicipitaceae spp.	Extracted supernatant	Butyrate	C. albicans	1.10±0.301
Hypocrea koningii*	Supernatant	NO	P. aeruginosa	4.00±0.673
Isaria farinosa	Extracted supernatant	Butyrate	C. albicans	0.37±0.084
Penicillium alberechii	Supernatant	TSA	S. aureus	0.47±0.035
		Butyrate		0.51±0.074
		VPA		0.49±0.063
Penicillium crustosum	Extracted pellet	TSA	C. albicans	1.10±0.451
Penicillium decaturense	Supernatant	AZA	C. albicans	0.35±0.032
		Butyrate		0.30±0.012
		TSA		0.31±0.057
Penicillium miczynskii	Extracted supernatant	NO	C. albicans	0.74±0.087
Penicillium restrictum	Pellet	Butyrate	S. aureus	1.40±0.204
Penicillium soppi	Extracted supernatant	TSA	P. aeruginosa	0.56±0.096
Penicillium spinulosum	Supernatant	GlcNAc	S. aureus	0.94±0.061
Trichoderma atroviride	Pellet	AZA	P. aeruginosa	0.42±0.085

∘CFU log reduction comparing treated with untreated fungal fractions determined after 6 hours of growth at 37°C. Data are represented as mean values ± standard deviations of three biological replicates preformed in triplicate. *Untreated fungal fraction showed already antimicrobial activity.