Hypoglossal-Facial Nerve Reconstruction Using a Y-Tube-Conduit Reduces Aberrant Synkinetic Movements of the Orbicularis Oculi and Vibrissal Muscles in Rats

<div>Drawing of the surgical procedures in Groups 2 and 3. (a) Normal anatomy of the facial and hypoglossal nerves, (b)–(d) steps of the nerve reconstruction. (e) Final step for hypoglossal-facial nerve reconstruction by using Aorta-Y-tube conduit or classical coaptation.</div>

BioMed Research International

fig1

Figure 1

Figure 1: Hypoglossal-Facial Nerve Reconstruction Using a Y-Tube-Conduit Reduces Aberrant Synkinetic Movements of the Orbicularis Oculi and Vibrissal Muscles in Rats 

Figure 1 | Hypoglossal-Facial Nerve Reconstruction Using a Y-Tube-Conduit Reduces Aberrant Synkinetic Movements of the Orbicularis Oculi and Vibrissal Muscles in Rats 