Metoprolol Reduces Proinflammatory Cytokines and Atherosclerosis in ApoE^−/− Mice

Table 1

Effects of metoprolol treatment on Th1/Th2 cytokines (Study II).

	Th1						Th2
	IL-1𝛽 (pg/mL)	IL-2 (pg/mL)	IL-12 total (pg/mL)	IFN-𝛾 (pg/mL)	TNF𝛼 (pg/mL)	CXCL1 (pg/mL)	IL-4 (pg/mL)	IL-5 (pg/mL)	IL-10 (pg/mL)
Control	4.8±0.2	7.8±0.5	3016±106	4.0±1.0	1.6±0.1	241±18	7.8±1.7	7.2±0.8	81.8±14
Metoprolol	4.9±0.5	21.3±14	2904±95	5.9±3.3	1.1±0.1	161±18	13.0±7.4	8.0±1.7	121±52
𝑃 value (Mann-Whitney)	0.712	0.538	0.389	0.735	0.008	0.005	0.601	0.951	1.000

Serum cytokine concentrations (pg/mL) were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney 𝑈 test. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. 𝑃<0.01 was considered statistically significant.