Detection of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in the Baltic Countries and St. Petersburg Area

Table 2

Comparison of carbapenem nonwild type Klebsiella pneumoniae strains with and without carbapenemase production.

		Carbapenemase producers; (𝑛=15)	Carbapenemase nonproducers; (𝑛=58)
Country	Russia	15	7
	Estonia	0	37
	Latvia	0	8
	Lithuania	0	6
Department	Intensive care	14	8
	Surgical	0	16
	Medical	1	31
	Outpatients	0	3
Material	Blood	1	1
	Pus/wound	2	11
	Urine	5	39
	Lower respiratory	7	6
	Upper respiratory	0	1
Genes detected (number of positive strains)	NDM	15	0
	IMP, VIM, GIM, KPC or OXA48	0	0
	CTX-M-1 group	13	50
	CTX-M-2 group	0	2
	CTX-M-8 or 9	0	0
	Integron 1	15	52
	Integron 2	0	1
	Integron 3	11^1	25^1
MIC values, mg/L (range/median)	Ertapenem	≥32^2	0.125–≥32/6^2
	Meropenem	4–≥32/12^3	0.032–4/0.5^3
	Imipenem	8–≥32/32^4	0.094–4/0.5^4
Resistance (numbers: 𝑅+𝐼/tested strains)	Ciprofloxacin	15/15	49/51
	Gentamycin	15/15^5	34/49^5

¹𝑃=0.04; ^2,3,4𝑃=0.001; ⁵𝑃=0.01.