Right Heart Functional Changes in the Acute, Hypercapnic Exacerbations of COPD

Table 1

Patients demographics and clinical characteristics (data expressed as mean ± standard deviation).

Variables	Total (𝑛=56)	Moderate COPD (𝑛=21)	Severe COPD (𝑛=35)	𝑃 value
Gender: male (𝑛, %)	38 (67.8)	16 (76)	22 (62.8)	0.06^b
Age (years)	79.1 ± 5.1	79.2 ± 5.4	78.2 ± 4.9	0.611^a
BMI (Kg/m^2)	26.2 ± 2.6	26.1 ± 3.3	26.5 ± 2.1	0.856^a
SBP (mmHg)	127.6 ± 16.9	125.8 ± 17.7	135.2 ± 16.2	0.156^a
DBP (mmHg)	72.4 ± 8.2	70.6 ± 9.8	80.2 ± 6.7	0.097^a
Fasting blood glucose	119.3 ± 8.7	119.8 ± 7.2	117.3 ± 9.3	0.773^a
Diabetes mellitus (𝑛, %)	41 (73.2)	18 (85.7)	23 (65.7)	0.08^b
Renal failure (𝑛, %)	11 (19.6)	6 (28.5)	5 (14.28)	0.23^b
Current smokers (𝑛, %)	49 (87.5)	15 (71.4)	34 (97)	0.654^a

aStudent’s 𝑡-test for unpaired data; ^bchi-squared test;
BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.