Molecular Analysis of Ciprofloxacin Resistance Mechanisms in Malaysian ESBL-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates and Development of Mismatch Amplification Mutation Assays (MAMA) for Rapid Detection of gyrA and parC Mutations

<table>PFGE dendrogram of the 93 K. pneumoniae isolates investigated in this study. Alterations in GyrA and/or ParC subunits were detected in the isolates which belong to 11 clusters. Black triangles represent clusters with multiple isolates possessing the same gyrA and/or parC mutations. Black circles represent monoisolate clusters with gyrA and/or parC mutations. The dashed line represents the similarity level (80%) used in the clusters definition.</table>

BioMed Research International

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Figure 3: Molecular Analysis of Ciprofloxacin Resistance Mechanisms in Malaysian ESBL-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates and Development of Mismatch Amplification Mutation Assays (MAMA) for Rapid Detection of gyrA and parC Mutations

Figure 3 | Molecular Analysis of Ciprofloxacin Resistance Mechanisms in Malaysian ESBL-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates and Development of Mismatch Amplification Mutation Assays (MAMA) for Rapid Detection of gyrA and parC Mutations 