BioMed Research International

Research Article

Phenotypic Characterization of Mycoplasma synoviae Induced Changes in the Metabolic and Sensitivity Profile of In Vitro Infected Chicken Chondrocytes

Table 2

Sensitivity of CCH and M. synoviae WVU 1853 infected CCH to hormones and immune mediators.
Hormone/immune mediatorCCH + CCH +
3-Isobutyl-1-Methylxanthine−+−+/=
4,5-a-Dihydrotestosterone−−++
Adenosine++++/↑
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Human (ACTH)−++/=+/↑/=
Aldosterone+−++
β-Estradiol−−++
Caffeine−+−+/↑
Calcitonin−−−+
Calcitriol (1a,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3)−−−+
Chorionic Gonadotropin Human (HCG)−+−+/=/↓/↑
Creatine−−−+
Dexamethasone−−++
Dibutyryl-cAMP−−−+
Epinephrine−+−+/↓
FGF-1 (aFGF)−−++
Gastrin−−−+
Ghrelin−−−+
Gly-His-Lys acetate salt−+++/↑
hGH (Somatotropin)−−++
Hydrocortisone+−+/=+
IGF-I−−−+
Insulin−−++
L-leucine−+−+/↑
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)−+−+/↓/↑
Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone (LH-RH)−+−+/↑/↓
Norepinephrine−−−+
Parathyroid Hormone−+−+/=
PDGF-AB−−−+
Progesterone+−++
Prolactin−+−+/↓/=/↑
Resistin−+++/=
Thyrotropic Hormone (TSH)−+++/↓
Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone acetate salt (TRH)−+−+/=
Thyroxine−−++
Triiodothyronine−+++/↑
Vasopressin−+++/↓/=
IL-1β−−−+
IL-2−+++/↓
IL-6−−++
IL-8−+++
TNF-α−+++/↑
IFN-γ−+++/=
1Respiration levels for CCH incubated for 25 h (CCH25) or 44 h (CCH44) were determined by comparing respiratory rates of CCH in each well of a plate to the corresponding A1 well that contained no supplements. (+ respiration was higher than in A1).
2Respiration levels for CCH exposed to M. synoviae WVU 1853 membrane fraction (1 mg/mL, 15 µL/well for 5 h before the measurement started) were determined by comparing respiratory rates measured during 24 h to those of CCH25.
3Respiration levels for CCH infected with live M. synoviae WVU 1853 (107 CFU/well for 14 h before the measurement started) were determined by comparing respiratory rates measured during 24 h to those of CCH44.
Legend:
+: Respiration above cut-off value set to 500 in at least one concentration of hormone/cytokine (area under corresponding graph: for CCH compared to A1, for CCH+MSm/CCH+MS compared to CCH).
−: Respiration lower than 500.
+/=; +/↑; +/↓: Respiration was detected and was, compared to respiration in CCH, equal, higher, or lower at different concentrations of hormones/cytokines.