Arterial Stiffness and Cardiovascular Therapy

Table 1

Influence of particular drugs or drug groups on arterial stiffness. Uniform effect—the drug or drug group definitely improves arterial stiffness; prevailing effect—the drug or drug group improves arterial stiffness in the majority of studies; conflicting effect—the drug or drug group effect is homogeneously distributed between improving arterial stiffness or not; neutral effect—the drug or drug group does not influence arterial stiffness.

Effect on arterial stiffness reduction/improvement	Drug group	Drug class/drug	References
Uniform effect	Antihypertensive	Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors	[25–40]
		Angiotensin receptor blockers	[38, 40–54]
		Calcium channel blockers	[32, 34, 37, 46, 49, 55–60]
		Aldosterone antagonists-spironolactone	[61–63]
	Peroral antidiabetic drugs	Glitazones-pioglitazone	[64–66]
	AGE cross-links breakers	Aminoguanidine	[67–70]
Prevailing effect	Antihypertensive	Direct renin inhibitors	[39, 71–73]
		Beta-blockers	[27, 39, 53, 54, 74–78]
	Lipid lowering drugs	Statins	[79–87]
	Peroral antidiabetic drugs	Metformin	[88, 89]
	AGE cross-links breakers	Alagebrium chloride	[16, 90–92]
	Anti-inflammatory drugs	Corticosteroids	[93]
	Endothelin-A receptor antagonists	Sitaxsentan, BQ-123	[94, 95]
Conflicting effect	Antihypertensive	Nitrates	[96]
		Aldosterone antagonists-eplerenone	[97–99]
	Peroral antidiabetic drugs	Glitazones-rosiglitazone	[100–103]
	Anti-inflammatory drugs	Antibodies against tumor necrosis factor alpha (anti-TNF-)	[104–110]
		Acetylsalicylic acid	[111, 112]
Neutral effect	Antihypertensive	Diuretics	[34, 37, 46, 55, 59, 61, 113, 114]
	Vasopeptidase inhibitors	Omapatrilat	[115, 116]