Temporal Parameters Estimation for Wheelchair Propulsion Using Wearable Sensors

Table 8

Criterion and estimated push frequency before and after training, change, and 𝑃 value.

		Push frequency (stroke/sec)				Change		𝑃 value
		Before		After
		Mean		Mean		Mean
SMW	LS	0.96	±0.16	0.88	±0.16	0.09	±0.12	0.06
	SS	1.13	±0.18	0.98	±0.15	0.18	±0.20	0.001
	OA	1.04	±0.19	0.93	±0.16	0.13	±0.17	0.001
Arm	LS	0.94	±0.14	0.89	±0.13	0.05	±0.13	0.197
	SS	1.05	±0.14	0.95	±0.13	0.14	±0.19	0.007
	OA	1.00	±0.15	0.92	±0.14	0.09	±0.17	0.007
Wrist	LS	0.93	±0.11	0.90	±0.12	0.03	±0.09	0.327
	SS	1.08	±0.19	0.98	±0.14	0.13	±0.21	0.024
	OA	1.00	±0.17	0.94	±0.13	0.08	±0.17	0.022
Seat	LS	0.84	±0.17	0.77	±0.14	0.07	±0.14	0.134
	SS	0.98	±0.30	0.87	±0.29	0.04	±0.40	0.081
	OA	0.91	±0.25	0.82	±0.19	0.06	±0.30	0.028

SMW: Smart^Wheel, LS: level surface propulsion trials, SS: sloped surface propulsion trials, and OA: level surface and sloped surface combined.