Efficacy of a Hypotonic Treatment for Peritoneal Dissemination from Gastric Cancer Cells: An In Vivo Evaluation
Figure 3
Inhibition of the establishment of peritoneal dissemination by the peritoneal injection of DW. (a) A total of pelleted MKN45 cells were suspended in 0.3 mL PBS and then intraperitoneally injected into 4-week-old female nude mice on day 1. Two milliliters of NaCl buffer or DW was then injected into the abdominal cavities of nude mice from day 2 to day 4 (for 3 days). At a defined time point of 2 weeks after the intraperitoneal injection of cells, all mice were sacrificed, and the degree of peritoneal dissemination was evaluated macroscopically. . (b) Representative macroscopic findings of the abdominal cavities of all mice. Many dissemination nodules were established in all 6 mice injected with NaCl, whereas several nodules were only found in 3 mice injected with DW. Arrows indicate dissemination nodules. (c) The total number, weight, and volume of dissemination nodules in both groups. The total volume of dissemination nodules was significantly lower in the DW group than in the NaCl group. The results are presented as the mean ± SEM . (d) Box plots of dissemination nodules in both groups. No significant differences were observed in the weight or volume of each dissemination nodule in the two groups. . DW: distilled water.
