Serum Lipids, Apolipoproteins, and Mortality among Coronary Artery Disease Patients
Table 2
HRs for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality according to different levels of HDL-C, LDL-C, or LDL/HDL.
Variable
Number of deaths
Person-years
Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals)
All-cause mortality
CVD mortality
Total
CVD
Model 1a
Model 2b
Model 3c
Model 1a
Model 2b
HDL-C (mg/dL)
<40
89
71
2803
2.18 (1.44–3.31)
2.06 (1.35–3.15)
2.09 (1.37–3.20)
2.80 (1.67–4.68)
2.54 (1.51–4.30)
2.59 (1.53–4.38)
40–49
31
19
1998
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
50–59
16
13
827
1.46 (0.79–2.68)
1.54 (0.83–2.84)
1.53 (0.82–2.83)
1.98 (0.97–4.04)
2.13 (1.03–4.38)
2.11 (1.03–4.35)
60–69
6
6
265
1.93 (0.79–4.72)
1.93 (0.78–4.79)
1.98 (0.80–4.89)
3.20 (1.25–8.23)
3.30 (1.26–8.62)
3.35 (1.28–8.74)
≥70
5
4
104
2.44 (0.94–6.33)
2.93 (1.04–8.24)
3.06 (1.08–8.70)
3.19 (1.07–9.47)
4.67 (1.44–15.1)
4.83 (1.47–15.8)
for difference
0.002
0.006
0.01
0.001
0.002
0.004
LDL-C (mg/dL)
<70
15
8
641
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
70–99
47
36
1556
1.18 (0.66–2.12)
1.22 (0.67–2.23)
1.23 (0.68–2.26)
1.72 (0.80–3.70)
1.82 (0.83–4.00)
1.85 (0.84–4.05)
100–129
37
27
1910
0.85 (0.46–1.55)
0.86 (0.46–1.62)
0.86 (0.46–1.61)
1.18 (0.54–2.61)
1.24 (0.55–2.80)
1.25 (0.55–2.82)
130–159
29
24
1191
1.21 (0.64–2.26)
1.28 (0.67–2.45)
1.33 (0.69–2.55)
1.91 (0.86–4.28)
2.08 (0.91–4.74)
2.15 (0.94–4.92)
160–189
14
13
509
1.21 (0.58–2.53)
1.23 (0.58–2.63)
1.21 (0.57–2.59)
2.15 (0.88–5.22)
2.30 (0.92–5.73)
2.29 (0.92–5.72)
≥190
5
5
189
2.08 (0.75–5.79)
2.46 (0.86–7.05)
2.36 (0.82–6.79)
4.03 (1.30–12.5)
4.51 (1.39–14.6)
4.35 (1.34–14.2)
for trend
0.39
0.27
0.27
0.07
0.052
0.055
LDL/HDL ratio
Quartile 1
35
25
1470
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
Quartile 2
31
22
1521
1.04 (0.64–1.69)
1.12 (0.68–1.85)
1.10 (0.67–1.82)
1.03 (0.58–1.84)
1.09 (0.60–1.97)
1.08 (0.60–1.95)
Quartile 3
34
27
1483
1.10 (0.69–1.78)
1.05 (0.64–1.71)
1.02 (0.62–1.67)
1.23 (0.71–2.13)
1.11 (0.63–1.95)
1.09 (0.62–1.92)
Quartile 4
47
39
1523
1.67 (1.07–2.60)
1.61 (1.01–2.56)
1.61 (1.01–2.56)
1.91 (1.15–3.19)
1.73 (1.02–2.94)
1.74 (1.02–2.96)
for trend
0.08
0.14
0.13
0.037
0.14
0.12
Model 1 was adjusted for age, gender, education, marriage, leisure-time physical activity, smoking, and alcohol drinking.
bModel 2 was adjusted for model 1 covariates plus type, severity, duration, and treatment of CAD, history of diabetes, history of heart failure, BMI, systolic blood pressure, glomerular filtration rate, and use of antihypertensive drugs, antidiabetic drugs, and antiplatelet drugs.
cModel 3 was adjusted for model 2 covariates plus use of cholesterol-lowering drugs.
