Carbon Ion Therapy for Early-Stage Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Table 2

Studies of carbon ion therapy for early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer.

Author	Institute	Year	Number of patients	Age (years)	Number of lesions	T1	T2	Total dose [Gy (RBE)]	Number of fractions	Median FU (months)	Local control	Overall survival	Toxicity (≥grade 3)
Miyamoto et al. [21]	NIRS	2003	81	Mean 72	82	41	41	59.4–95.4	9–18	52.6	76% (5-yr)	42% (5-yr)	Lung 3.7%
Miyamoto et al. [22]	NIRS	2007	50	Mean 74.1	51	30	21	72	9	59.2	94.7% (5-yr)	50.0% (5-yr)	Skin 2%
Miyamoto et al. [23]	NIRS	2007	79	Mean 74.8	80	42	37	52.8–60	4	38.6	90% (5-yr)	45% (5-yr)	0%
Sugane et al. [24]	NIRS	2009	28	Mean 82*	29	12	17	52.8–72	4–9	NA	95.8% (5-yr)	30.7% (5-yr)	0%
Takahashi et al. [25]	NIRS	2014	151	Mean 73.9	151	91	60	36–50	1	45.6	79.2% (5-yr)	55.1% (5-yr)	0%
Iwata et al. [17]	HIBMC	2010	23	Median 75	23	15	8	52.8	4	30.5^†	86% (3-yr)	86% (3-yr)	0%
Iwata et al. [19]	HIBMC	2013	27	Median 75^‡	27	0	27	52.8–68.4	4–10	44^†	75% (4-yr)	55% (4-yr)	Lung 7%, skin 7%
Fujii et al. [20]	HIBMC	2013	41	Median 76	41	26	15	52.8–70.2	4–26	39	78% (3-yr)	76% (3-yr)	Lung 5%, skin 4%

Gy: gray; RBE: relative biological effectiveness; FU: follow-up; NIRS: the National Institute of Radiological Sciences; yr: year; NA: not available; HIBMC: Hyogo Ion Beam Medical Center.
*80 years and older only.
^†The median follow-up periods for all patients including both proton and carbon ion groups.
^‡The median age for all patients including both proton and carbon ion groups.
Values determined by reading graphs.
The rate for all patients including both proton and carbon ion groups.