BioMed Research International

Research Article

Detailed Shoulder MRI Findings in Manual Wheelchair Users with Shoulder Pain

Table 3

Detailed MRI findings of the acromioclavicular (AC) joint, acromion, coracoacromial (CA) ligament, bursa, labrum, and glenohumeral (GH) joint.
SubjectAC Joint AcromionCA Ligament Bursitis Labrum GH Joint
ArthrosSpursEdemaTypeDownslopeConvexThickeningYes/NoLocationIrregTearLocationGanglionDegen ArthrosisEdemaChond
1Mod−+2−−−+Subacr−+Postsup+ − 
2Mild−−1+−++Subacr−− − − 
3Mod++1+−++Subacr−− −Mild−Mild
4Severe++1++++Subacr++Postsup−Mild−Mild
5Mild−+1+−++Subacr−− − − 
6Mild−−1−−−+Subacr−+Postinf+ − 
7Mod++1+−++Subacr−+Antsup, Postsup− − 
8Mild−+2−−−+Subacr−− − − 
9Mod++2−−++Subacr++Postsup+Mod+Mod
10Severe++2−−+− ++Postinf+Mild−Mild
AC joint degenerative arthrosis was categorized as mild, moderate (Mod), or severe, and subacromial spurs and subchondral edema/cystic changes were recorded as present (+) or absent (−). The acromion was classified according to type (1, 2, 3) and whether a lateral downslope or convex undersurface was present (+). CA ligament thickening was categorized as present (+) or absent (−). The presence (+) or absence (−) of bursitis and location was noted as subacromial or acronym (subacr) subcoracoid. The presence (+) or absence (−) of labral irregularities, tears, and paralabral ganglion cysts was  noted. Labral tear location was designated with anterior/superior (Antsup), posterior/superior (Postsup), anterior/inferior, or posterior/inferior (Postinf). Degenerative arthrosis of the GH joint was designated as mild, moderate (Mod), or severe. The presence (+) or absence (−) of subchondral edema/cystic changes was  noted and chondromalacia was noted as mild, moderate (Mod), or severe.