High Glucose Induces Sumoylation of Smad4 via SUMO2/3 in Mesangial Cells

Figure 5

Colocalization of SUMO2/3 and Smad4 in mesangial cells. Cells were incubated with mouse anti-Smad4 monoclonal antibody and rabbit anti-SUMO2/3 polyclonal antibody and visualized with fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated anti-mouse IgG for Smad4 ((a), (d), (g)) and rhodamine-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG for SUMO2/3 ((b), (e), (h)). The merged images of Smad4 and SUMO2/3 stainings in each group are shown in (c), (f), and (i).