Targeted Delivery System of Nanobiomaterials in Anticancer Therapy: From Cells to Clinics

Table 3

FDA approved anticancer drugs.

Nanoplatforms	Drug	Company	Properties	Indications	Routes of administration
Liposomes	Abelcet	Enzon	Liposomal amphotericin B	Fungal infections	i.v.
	AmBisome	Gilead Sciences	Liposomal amphotericin B	Fungal and protozoal infections	i.v.
	Amphotec	Three Rivers Pharmaceuticals	Cholesteryl sulfate-based amphotericin B	Fungal infections	i.v.
	DepoCyt	SkyePharma	Liposomal cytarabine	Malignant lymphomatous meningitis	i.t.
	DaunoXome	Gilead Sciences	Liposomal daunorubicin	HIV-related Kaposi’s sarcoma	i.v.
	Doxil/Caelyx	Ortho Biotech,; Schering-Plough	Liposome-PEG doxorubicin	HIV-related Kaposi’s sarcoma, metastatic; breast cancer, and metastatic ovarian cancer	i.m.
	Myocet	Zeneus	Liposomal doxorubicin	Combination therapy with; cyclophosphamide in metastatic; breast cancer	i.v.
	Visudyne	QLT, Novartis	Liposomal verteporfin	Photodynamic therapy (PDT) for age-related macular degeneration, pathologic myopia, and ocular histoplasmosis	i.v.
Polymers	Adagen	Enzon	PEG-adenosine deaminase	Severe combined immunodeficiency; disease associated with ADA deficiency	i.m.
	Copaxone	TEVA Pharmaceuticals	L-Glutamic acid, L-alanine,; L-lysine, and L-tyrosine copolymer	Multiple sclerosis	s.c.
	Genexol-PM	Samyang	Methoxy-PEG-poly(D, L-lactide) paclitaxel	Metastatic breast cancer	i.v.
	Macugen	OSI Pharmaceuticals	PEG-anti-VEGF aptamer	Age-related macular degeneration	i.r.
	Neulasta	Amgen	PEG-GCSF	Neutropenia associated with cancer; Chemotherapy	s.c.
	Oncaspar	Enzon	Pegaspargase (PEG-L-asparaginase)	Acute lymphoblastic leukemia	i.v., i.m.
	Renagel	Genzyme	Poly(allylamine hydrochloride)	End-stage renal disease	Oral
	Somavert	Nektar, Pfizer	PEG-HGF	Acromegaly	s.c.
Others	Abraxane	Abraxis BioScience,; AstraZeneca	Albumin-bound paclitaxel	Metastatic breast cancer	i.v.
	Estrasorb	Novavax	Estradiol emulsion	Vasomotot symptoms associated with menopause	Topical and transdermal
	Emend	Elan, Merck	Nanocrystalline aprepitant	Antiemetic	Oral
	Megace ES	Strativa Pharmaceuticals, subsidiary of Par; Pharmaceutical. Inc.	Nanocrystalline megestrol acetate	Anorexia, cachexia, or an unexplained significant weight loss in AIDS patients	Oral
	Rapamune	Elan, Wyeth; Pharmaceuticals	Nanocrystalline sirolimus	Immunosuppressant	Oral
	TriCor	Elan, Abbott	Nanocrystalline fenofibrate	Antihyperlipidemic	Oral
	Feridex	Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals	Femmoxides solution (superparamagnetic iron oxide)	MRI contrast agent	i.v.

ADA: adenosine deaminase; GCSF: granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; HGF: hepatocyte growth factor; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; i.m.: intramuscular; i.r.: intravitreous; i.t.: intrathecal; i.v.: intravenous; PEG: polyethyleneglycol; s.c.: subcutaneous; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor.