Targeting Spleen Tyrosine Kinase-Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase Axis for Immunologically Mediated Glomerulonephritis

Table 2

Effects of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) inhibitors on glomerulonephritis.

Clinical disease	Model	Treatment	Results	Reference
Lupus nephritis	B6.Sle1; B6.Sle1.Sle3	PCI-32765	As prophylactic treatment; Decreased renal damage and lymphocyte infiltration; Reduced levels of antinucleosome, antihistone, and ssDNA autoantibodies	[27]
	NZB/W	RN486	In full-blown disease; Improved proteinuria; Reduced glomerulosclerosis and immune-complex deposition; Inhibited B-cell activation and anti-dsDNA autoantibody secretion; Downregulated expressions of inflammatory cytokines	[28]
	NZB/W	PF-06250112	In full-blown disease; Prevented the development of proteinuria; Reduced glomerular injury and inflammatory infiltrates; Significantly reduced both IgG and C3 depositions	[29]
Antiglomerular basement membrane nephritis	NTN	PF-06250112	As prophylactic treatment; Dose-dependently decreased proteinuria levels; Did not affect either IgG or C3 deposition	[29]