Different Resting-State Functional Connectivity Alterations in Smokers and Nonsmokers with Internet Gaming Addiction

Table 1

Demographic and personality characteristics of the three groups.

	Smokers with IGA ( = 29)	Nonsmoker with IGA ( = 22)	HCs ( = 30)	value; ( value)	1-2	1-3	2-3
	(Mean ± SD)	(Mean ± SD)	(Mean ± SD)
Age (years)	22.14 ± 2.54	21 ± 2.33	20.80 ± 2.91	2.08; (0.132)
Education (years)	10.17 ± 1.91	11.00 ± 1.37	10.5 ± 2.18	1.251; (0.29)
Chen Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS)	78.69 ± 7.61	74.55 ± 8.98	41.60 ± 9.15	157.59; (<0.001)	0.08	<0.001	<0.001
Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS)	56.38 ± 12.54	49.09 ± 9.24	46.37 ± 10.42	6.49; (0.002)	0.063	0.002	0.99
Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS)	58.07 ± 9.70	52.36 ± 9.93	47.76 ± 8.42	9.26; (<0.001)	0.094	<0.001	0.24
Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11)	63.41 ± 9.36	61.41 ± 8.43	47.77 ± 6.81	28.62; (<0.001)	0.9	<0.001	<0.001
FTND	6.51 ± 2.11

SD: standard deviation; HC: healthy controls; IGA: Internet gaming addiction; FTND: Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence.
1-2 for smokers with IGA group versus nonsmokers with IGA group, 1-3 for smokers with IGA group versus HC group.
2-3 for nonsmokers with IGA group versus HC group.