In Vitro Antiplasmodial Activities and Synergistic Combinations of Differential Solvent Extracts of the Polyherbal Product, Nefang

Table 4

In vitro antiplasmodial activity (EC₅₀) of paired extracts exhibiting synergistic interaction (CI < 0.7) at equipotency ratios.

Number	Extract combination	EC50 ratio (µg/mL)	EC50 ratio in combination (µg/mL)	FIC50 A	FIC50 B	Fold increase	Combination index (CI)
1	Cp/Cc-EtOH	121.60/54.84	28.45/12.83	0.24	0.24	4.27/4.27	0.48
2	Cp/Cs-EtOH	121.60/86.08	37.69/26.68	0.31	0.31	3.23/3.23	0.62
3	Cp/Og-EtOH	121.60/121.5	21.39/21.46	0.18	0.18	5.68/5.66	0.36 *
4	Cc/Og-EtOH	54.85/121.5	13.68/30.43	0.25	0.25	4.01/3.99	0.50
5	Cs/Og-EtOH	86.08/121.5	21.99/30.17	0.26	0.26	3.91/4.02	0.52
6	MiL-EtOH /MiL-Aq	16.34/40.04	5.26/12.88	0.32	0.32	3.11/3.11	0.64
7	Pg-EtOH/Pg-Aq	23/25.79	5.99/6.72	0.26	0.26	3.84/3.84	0.52
8	MiB/Pg-Aq	34.58/25.79	6.07/4.53	0.17	0.17	5.70/5.70	0.35 *
9	MiB/Cp-Aq	34.58/317.5	10.24/93.99	0.29	0.29	3.38/3.38	0.59
10	MiB/Cs-Aq	34.58/105.1	6.34/19.25	0.18	0.18	5.45/5.46	0.36 *
11	MiL/Pg-Aq	40.04/25.79	7.18/4.62	0.18	0.18	5.58/5.58	0.36 *
12	MiL/Cp-Aq	40.04/317.5	11.59/91.91	0.29	0.29	3.45/3.45	0.58
13	MiL/Cs-Aq	40.04/105.1	9.63/25.27	0.24	0.24	4.16/4.16	0.48
14	Pg/Cp-Aq	25.79/317.5	6.88/84.64	0.27	0.27	3.75/3.75	0.54
15	Pg/Cc-Aq	25.79/141	8.26/45.13	0.32	0.32	3.12/3.12	0.64
16	Pg/Cs-Aq	25.79/105.1	6.22/25.36	0.24	0.24	4.15/4.14	0.48
17	Pg/Og-Aq	25.79/118.90	7.52/34.66	0.39	0.39	3.43/3.43	0.58
18	Cp/Cc-Aq	317.50/141	80.11/35.57	0.25	0.25	3.96/3.96	0.50
19	Cp/Cs-Aq	317.50/105.10	46.50/15.39	0.15	0.15	6.83/6.83	0.30 *
20	Cp/Og-Aq	317.50/118.90	107.4/40.21	0.34	0.34	2.96/2.96	0.68
21	Cc/Cs-Aq	141/105.10	22.19/16.54	0.16	0.16	6.35/6.35	0.32 *
22	Cc/Og-Aq	141/118.90	48.93/41.26	0.35	0.35	2.88/2.88	0.70
23	Cs/Og-Aq	105.10/118.90	21.78/24.64	0.21	0.21	4.83/4.83	0.42

Results presented as mean,  𝑛=3; *extract pairs exhibiting strong synergistic interactions.
EtOH: ethanol; Aq: aqueous.