Development and Retranslational Validation of an In Vitro Model to Characterize Acute Infections in Large Human Joints

Figure 3

Detecting IGF-1 in in vivo and in vitro samples. Lavage fluids from acutely infected knee joints reveal elevated IGF-1 levels (a) also significantly elevated in cocultures challenged by LPS PMA ((b) days 7–10 **). No significantly altered IGF-1 mRNA expression in CHDR was apparent (c). After prolonged exposure to LPS PMA, however, significantly increased expression of IGF-1 mRNA was detected in SFB ((d) day 10 *); (a) Mann-Whitney test and (b)–(d) Student’s t-test, ^∗𝑃<0.05, ^∗∗𝑃<0.01, and^∗∗∗𝑃<0.005. ELISA data were normalized versus total protein content (TP).

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