Sites in skin for nanoparticle delivery. Topical nanoparticle drug delivery takes place in three major sites: stratum corneum (SC) surface (a), openings of hair follicles (infundibulum) (b), and furrows (dermatoglyphs) (c). The nanoparticles are shown in green and the drug in red. Other sites for delivery are the viable epidermis and dermis (modified by Prow et al., [67]).
